Glutathione | Research Grade | COA Verified

Description

Research area: Cellular redox balance and antioxidant research

Product Description

Glutathione (GSH) is a tripeptide composed of glutamate, cysteine, and glycine, distinguished by an unusual gamma-peptide bond between the glutamate side chain and cysteine. It is the most abundant low-molecular-weight thiol antioxidant in cells and is synthesized intracellularly in two ATP-dependent enzymatic steps by glutamate-cysteine ligase and glutathione synthetase. Its reactive cysteine thiol group is the functional core of its activity. This GMP-grade presentation is oriented toward reproducible redox biochemistry, cell-culture antioxidant studies, and analytical work requiring a well-characterized reference thiol.

Mechanism & Research Context

The cysteine thiol of GSH neutralizes reactive oxygen species, free radicals, peroxides, and electrophiles, becoming oxidized to glutathione disulfide (GSSG). The GSH/GSSG couple constitutes a central cellular redox buffer that research uses to quantify oxidative status. Beyond direct scavenging, glutathione participates in glutathione-peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase reactions, heavy-metal chelation, and redox-sensitive signaling affecting gene expression, proliferation, and apoptosis in cell models.

Research Applications

• Measuring GSH/GSSG ratio as a cellular oxidative-status readout
• Antioxidant and reactive-oxygen-species scavenging assays in cell culture
• Studying glutathione-peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase enzyme activity
• Investigating redox-sensitive signaling and gene-expression pathways
• Reference thiol for detoxification and heavy-metal chelation studies

Storage & Handling

• Store sealed vials in a cool, dark place for short-term storage and frozen for long-term storage.
• After reconstitution, refrigerate and protect from light and heat.
• Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles; handle using standard laboratory safety and aseptic technique.

Product Specifications

• Compound class: Endogenous thiol tripeptide (antioxidant)
• Form: Lyophilized powder
• Purity: ≥ 99% (HPLC verified)
• Appearance: White to off-white powder
• Third-party tested: Yes — Certificate of Analysis (COA) on this product page

Quality & Third-Party Testing

Every batch of Glutathione is independently third-party tested in the USA for identity and purity, with a Certificate of Analysis (COA) available on this product page.

Compliance Notice

Glutathione is for research use only. It is not intended for human or veterinary use and has not been evaluated by the FDA. By purchasing, the buyer represents and warrants that it will be used solely for in-vitro laboratory research.